... 6 pôles de compétitivité (industries et agro-ressources, Alsace biovalley, véhicule du futur, materalia, fibres énergivie, hydreos). Only in 1911 was Alsace-Lorraine granted some measure of autonomy, which was manifested also in a flag and an anthem (Elsässisches Fahnenlied). Today, the territory is in certain areas subject to some laws that are significantly different from the rest of France – this is known as the local law. Until its abolition in 2015, the Alsace region was divided into 2 departments, 13 departmental arrondissements, 75 cantons (not shown here), and 904 communes: Alsace's population increased to 1,872,949 in 2014. It has regularly increased over time, except in wartime, by both natural growth and migration. Le nombre d'élèves, la réussite aux examens du bac et du brevet, le pourcentage de mentions et les filières ou séries proposées en Alsace. By the time of the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century, Strasbourg was a prosperous community, and its inhabitants accepted Protestantism in 1523. The treaty stipulations regarding Alsace were complex. Both Alsatian and Standard German were for a time banned from public life (including street and city names, official administration, and educational system). The opening is envisaged at the end of 2011, with an average usage of 41,000 vehicles a day. As an administrative entity, it encompassed the départements of Haut-Rhin (“Upper Rhine”) and Bas-Rhin (“Lower Rhine”) and was bounded by the régions of Lorraine to the west and Franche-Comté to the southwest. Codep Badminton 66 Site. At the same time, some Alsatians were in opposition to the Jacobins and sympathetic to the restoration of the monarchy pursued by the invading forces of Austria and Prussia who sought to crush the nascent revolutionary republic. These enclaves were established by law, prescription and international consensus.[12]. It is almost four times longer than it is wide, corresponding to a plain between the Rhine in the east and the Vosges mountains in the west. By 1790, the Jewish population of Alsace was approximately 22,500, about 3% of the provincial population. Vins d'Alsace (Alsace wines) are mostly white. Alsace has an area of 8,283 km2, making it the smallest région of metropolitan France. With the education reforms of the 19th century, the middle classes began to speak and write French well. Since 2006, France computes the population size from census results counted in different years. Villes par Nombre d'Habitants en Alsace Liste des Plus Grosses Villes. An additional natural disaster was the Rhine rift earthquake of 1356, one of Europe's worst which made ruins of Basel. The economic and cultural capital of Alsace, as well as its largest city, is Strasbourg, which sits right on the contemporary German international border. However, Alsatian, along with other regional languages, are recognized by the French government in the official list of languages of France. La population totale du Grand Est est ainsi estimée entre 1 000 et 1 070 couples nicheurs. It took up winter quarters, demanded the submission of Metz and Strasbourg and launched an attack on Basel. Si la France est un pays où le poids de l’agriculture dans l’économie est très important, force est de constater que les milieux ruraux se dépeuplent chaque année un peu plus : en 2019, la part de la population urbaine était écrasante et excédait les 80 %. Following the Protestant Reformation, promoted by local reformer Martin Bucer, the principle of cuius regio, eius religio led to a certain amount of religious diversity in the highlands of northern Alsace. The Rot-un-Wiss flag is still known as the real historical emblem of the region by most of the population and the départements' parliaments and has been widely used during protests against the creation of a new "super-region" gathering Champagne-Ardennes, Lorraine and Alsace, namely on Colmar's statue of liberty.[29]. The survey counted 548,000 adult speakers of Alsatian in France, making it the second most-spoken regional language in the country (after Occitan). Combien d'habitants en Alsace, nombre d'hommes et de femmes dans la population de l'Alsace. This reform is still largely the basis of German teaching (but not Alsatian) in elementary schools today. The traditional habitat of the Alsatian lowland, like in other regions of Germany and Northern Europe, consists of houses constructed with walls in timber framing and cob and roofing in flat tiles. Alsace produces some of the world's most noted dry rieslings and is the only region in France to produce mostly varietal wines identified by the names of the grapes used (wine from Burgundy is also mainly varietal, but not normally identified as such), typically from grapes also used in Germany. Current Alsace Manor, Pennsylvania Population, Demographics and stats in 2020, 2019. Later the province became a diffuse border region between the French and the German cultures and languages. Prosperity returned to Alsace under Habsburg administration during the Renaissance. La population de Colmar a été estimée à 66 560 habitants en 2007. These territorial changes were recognised in the 1697 Treaty of Ryswick that ended the War of the Grand Alliance. La plus grande ville de l'Alsace est la ville de Strasbourg avec une population de 271.782 habitants. Antisemitic local riots occasionally occurred, especially during the Revolution of 1848. French lost ground to such an extent that it has been estimated that only 2% of the population spoke French fluently and only 8% had some knowledge of it (Maugue, 1970). Alsace was merged with Baden, and Lorraine with the Saarland, to become part of a planned Westmark. Alsace-Lorraine was occupied by Germany in 1940 during the Second World War. Although it was never formally annexed, Alsace-Lorraine was incorporated into the Greater German Reich, which had been restructured into Reichsgau. Nombre de cambriolages, de crimes et d'agressions. It creates Foehn winds which, along with natural irrigation, contribute to the fertility of the soil. Southern Alsace, also called the Sundgau, is characterized by carpe frite (that also exists in Yiddish tradition). Si vous êtes un visiteur, prenez contact avec le webmaster du site. Risque d'être victime d'un acte de délinquance en Alsace. The towns of Alsace were the first to adopt the German language as their official language, instead of Latin, during the Lutheran Reform. Paradoxically, this reversed the situation of the 1950s. These hardships were blamed on Jews, leading to the pogroms of 1336 and 1339. Strasbourg's arms are the colours of the shield of the Bishop of Strasbourg (a band of red on a white field, also considered an inversion of the arms of the diocese) at the end of a revolt of the burghers during the Middle Ages who took their independence from the teachings of the Bishop. The population was forced to speak German and 'French' family names were Germanized. France consolidated its hold with the 1679 Treaties of Nijmegen, which brought most remaining towns under its control. However, propaganda for elections was allowed to go with a German translation from 1919 to 2008. German traits remain in the more traditional, rural parts of the culture, such as the cuisine and architecture, whereas modern institutions are totally dominated by French culture. For more than 300 years, from the Thirty Years' War to World War II, the political status of Alsace was heavily contested between France and various German states in wars and diplomatic conferences. Beset by enemies and seeking to gain a free hand in Hungary, the Habsburgs sold their Sundgau territory (mostly in Upper Alsace) to France in 1646, which had occupied it, for the sum of 1.2 million Thalers. During the war, 130,000 young men from Alsace and Lorraine were conscripted into the German armies against their will (malgré-nous). Le producteur des données émet les notes suivantes : compilation de données. Though little is known about the early history of the Jews of Alsace, there is a lot of information from the 12th century onwards. Current White Population in Alsace Manor,Pennsylvania2020, 2019 with Demographics and Stats by age and gender. [11] Jews were subsequently forbidden to settle in the town. TER Alsace is the rail network serving Alsace. Official tolerance grew during the French Revolution, with full emancipation in 1791. [16] The constitution of the Reichsland of 1911 reserved one seat in the first chamber of the Landtag for a representative of the Jewish Consistory of Alsace-Lorraine (besides two seats respectively for the two main Christian denominations). To protect this highly valued industry, the Romans built fortifications and military camps that evolved into various communities which have been inhabited continuously to the present day. In 1972, the Inspector General of German, Georges Holderith, obtained authorization to reintroduce German into 33 intermediate classes on an experimental basis. The gastronomic symbol of the région is undoubtedly the Choucroute, a local variety of Sauerkraut. Having been early and always densely populated, Alsace is famous for its high number of picturesque villages, churches and castles and for the various beauties of its three main towns, in spite of severe destructions suffered throughout five centuries of wars between France and Germany. Age et Situation d'un Habitant Type Données Économiques, Démographiques et Touristiques, En enregistrant votre contribution, vous acceptez les. Nevertheless, the industrial sector is in decline with a loss of 1.7% of industrial employment between 2014 and 2018 (Eurostat, 2019). When hostilities were concluded in 1648 with the Treaty of Westphalia, most of Alsace was recognized as part of France, although some towns remained independent. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); La plus grande ville de l'Alsace est la ville de Strasbourg avec une population de 271.782 habitants.La 2eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Mulhouse avec une population de 109.588 personnes.La 3eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Colmar avec une population de 67.615 personnes.La 4eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Haguenau avec une population de 34.280 personnes.La 5eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Schiltigheim avec une population de 30.952 personnes.La 6eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Illkirch Graffenstaden avec une population de 26.805 personnes.La 7eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Saint Louis avec une population de 20.127 personnes.La 8eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Sélestat avec une population de 19.197 personnes.La 9eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Bischheim avec une population de 17.770 personnes.La 10eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Lingolsheim avec une population de 16.441 personnes.La 11eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Illzach avec une population de 14.596 personnes.La 12eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Wittenheim avec une population de 14.194 personnes.La 13eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Rixheim avec une population de 12.996 personnes.La 14eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Kingersheim avec une population de 12.779 personnes.La 15eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Bischwiller avec une population de 12.703 personnes.La 16eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Riedisheim avec une population de 12.301 personnes.La 17eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Saverne avec une population de 12.087 personnes.La 18eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Guebwiller avec une population de 11.461 personnes.La 19eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Ostwald avec une population de 11.310 personnes.La 20eme ville avec le plus d'habitants est Cernay avec une population de 11.268 personnes. On 21 July 1789, after receiving news of the Storming of the Bastille in Paris, a crowd of people stormed the Strasbourg city hall, forcing the city administrators to flee and putting symbolically an end to the feudal system in Alsace. Alsace 's Elsàss (alsacien) - Elsass (de) ... Population: 1 884 150 hab. A third of the malgré-nous perished on the Eastern front. France ceded more than 90% of Alsace and one-fourth of Lorraine, as stipulated in the treaty of Frankfurt; Belfort, the largest Alsatian town south of Mulhouse, remained French. This divergence in policy from the French majority is due to the region having been part of Imperial Germany when the 1905 law separating the French church and state was instituted (for a more comprehensive history, see: Alsace-Lorraine). Though the ban has long been lifted and street signs today are often bilingual, Alsace-Lorraine is today predominantly French in language and culture. The authentic historical flag is the Rot-un-Wiss ; Red and White are commonly found on the coat of arms of Alsatian cities (Strasbourg, Mulhouse, Sélestat...)[27] and of many Swiss cities, especially in Basel's region. This type of construction is abundant in adjacent parts of Germany and can be seen in other areas of France, but their particular abundance in Alsace is owed to several reasons: However, half-timbering was found to increase the risk of fire, which is why from the 19th century, it began to be rendered. Several valleys are also found in the région. The region is highly industrialised: 26.1% of the population is employed in industry (including construction) compared to 20.3% at the national level, in 2018. Tous les lycées et les collèges de l'Alsace. Recensement 2019. Alsace (/ælˈsæs/,[3] also US: /ælˈseɪs, ˈælsæs/;[4][5] French: [alzas] (listen); Low Alemannic German/Alsatian: 's Elsàss [ˈɛlsɑs]; German: Elsass[a] [ˈɛlzas] (listen); Latin: Alsatia) is a cultural and historical region in eastern France, on the west bank of the upper Rhine next to Germany and Switzerland. [6] An alternative explanation is from a Germanic Ell-sass, meaning "seated on the Ill",[7] a river in Alsace. Following the Second World War, the 1927 regulation was not reinstated and the teaching of German in primary schools was suspended by a provisional rectorial decree, which was supposed to enable French to regain lost ground. The name Alsace can be traced to the Old High German Ali-saz or Elisaz, meaning "foreign domain". [10] As in much of Europe, the prosperity of Alsace was brought to an end in the 14th century by a series of harsh winters, bad harvests, and the Black Death. All the towpaths of the canals in Alsace (canal des houillères de la Sarre, canal de la Marne au Rhin, canal de la Bruche, canal du Rhône au Rhin) are tarred. Traditionally it is served with Strasbourg sausage or frankfurters, bacon, smoked pork or smoked Morteau or Montbéliard sausages, or a selection of other pork products. The population of the departments of Grand Est Region according to census results and latest official estimates. After the conclusion of the war, France was again free to pursue its desire to reach the Rhine and in 1444 a French army appeared in Lorraine and Alsace. 30 of said Waffen SS were involved in the Oradour-sur-Glane massacre (29 conscripts, one volunteer). The population of the departments of Normandy Region according to census results and latest official estimates. According to the Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques (INSEE), Alsace had a gross domestic product of 44.3 billion euros in 2002. We Germans who know Germany and France know better what is good for the Alsatians than the unfortunates themselves. It was also in Strasbourg that the first German Bible was published in 1466. Alsace is also the main beer-producing region of France, thanks primarily to breweries in and near Strasbourg. It is perhaps mostly known for the region's wines and beers. Toutes les chambres d'hôtes, label et classement. The year 1789 brought the French Revolution and with it the first division of Alsace into the départements of Haut- and Bas-Rhin. During a reannexation by Germany (1940–1945), High German was reinstated as the language of education. Avis sur les magasins en Alsace et alentours. Unlike other member states of the German federation, which had governments of their own, the new Imperial territory of Alsace-Lorraine was under the sole authority of the Kaiser, administered directly by the imperial government in Berlin. La région de l'Alsace compte 944 769 femmes et 900 929 hommes, cela représente 1,0 femme par homme dont 532 810 sont encore célibataires ! While part of the Roman Empire, Alsace was part of Germania Superior. Strasbourg Cathedral, for example, which had been Lutheran from 1524 to 1681, was returned to the Catholic Church. The Jura Mountains, formed by slip (induced by the alpine uplift) of the Mesozoic cover on the Triassic formations, goes through the area of Belfort. They concentrated in trade, services, and especially in money lending. 750-1050)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2011, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Celts/Gauls firmly secured in entire Gaul, Alsace; trade with, None; Gaulish variety of Celtic widely spoken, Rome reconquers the Gallic Empire, Alsace, Beginning of Germanic migrations to the Roman Empire, Germanic invasions of the Western Roman Empire, Totality of Alsace to the Frankish Kingdom, Old Frankish; Frankish and Alamannic varieties of, Frankish; Frankish and Alamannic varieties of Old High German, Frankish, Frankish and Alamannic varieties of Old High German, Carolingian Empire breaks up into five Kingdoms, Magyars and Vikings periodically raid Alsace, Frankish and Alamannic varieties of Old High German, German; Alamannic and Franconian dialects (Alsatian), French; French and Alsatian German (declining minority language). Half-timbered houses were easy to knock down and to move around during those times (a day was necessary to move it and a day to rebuild it in another place). Controversy erupts periodically on the appropriateness of this legal disposition, as well as on the exclusion of other religions from this arrangement. Philipp Jakob Spener who founded Pietism was born in Alsace. Strasbourg began to grow to become the most populous and commercially important town in the region. Between 100,000 and 130,000 Alsatians (of a total population of about a million and a half) chose to remain French citizens and leave Reichsland Elsaß-Lothringen, many of them resettling in French Algeria as Pieds-Noirs. The population grew rapidly, from 800,000 in 1814 to 914,000 in 1830 and 1,067,000 in 1846. Its highest point is the Grand Ballon in Haut-Rhin, which reaches a height of 1426 m. Alsace is the part of the plain of the Rhine located at the west of the Rhine, on its left bank. Many of the residents of the Sundgau made "pilgrimages" to places like Mariastein Abbey, near Basel, in Switzerland, for baptisms and weddings. A 1999 INSEE survey, included in the 1999 Census, the majority of the population in Alsace speak French as their first language, 39.0% (or 500,000 people) of the population speak Alsatian, 16.2% (or 208,000 people) speak German, 75,200 people speak English (or 5.9%) and 27,600 people speak Italian.[31]. The German language remained in use in local administration, in schools, and at the (Lutheran) University of Strasbourg, which continued to draw students from other German-speaking lands. Increasingly, French is the only language used at home and at work, whereas a growing number of people have a good knowledge of standard German as a foreign language learned in school. With a GDP per capita of €24,804, it was the second-place région of France, losing only to Île-de-France. Ajoutez un lieu sur Ville-Data.com c'est libre et gratuit . At present, plans are being considered for building a new dual carriageway west of Strasbourg, which would reduce the buildup of traffic in that area by picking up north and southbound vehicles and getting rid of the buildup outside Strasbourg. Served alongside are often roasted or steamed potatoes or dumplings. France did endeavour to promote Catholicism. Some of the most famous generals of the French Revolution also came from Alsace, notably Kellermann, the victor of Valmy, Kléber, who led the armies of the French Republic in Vendée and Westermann, who also fought in the Vendée. Alsace is an important wine-producing région. Alsace-Lorraine, area comprising the present French départements of Haut-Rhin, Bas-Rhin, and Moselle. Although the French king gained sovereignty, existing rights and customs of the inhabitants were largely preserved. With the arrival of the French soldiers, many Alsatians and local Prussian/German administrators and bureaucrats cheered the re-establishment of order.[19]. The latter was able to use this tax and a dynastic marriage to his advantage to gain back full control of Upper Alsace (apart from the free towns, but including Belfort) in 1477 when it became part of the demesne of the Habsburg family, who were also rulers of the empire. In 1950, the population of Strasbourg was 261,726. After World War I the province went to the Third French Republic. .blocpubcentre { width: 300px; height:250px; margin:auto} But Alsace still contained islands of territory nominally under the sovereignty of German princes and an independent city-state at Mulhouse. Population, emplois et demandeurs d’emploi dans les intercommunalités, avril 2019 - 10 CONSTRUCTION Entre fin 2007 et fin 2017, le nombre d’établissements dans la construction dans le secteur concurrentiel en Alsace a augmenté de 4,1 %, soit 230 établissements de plus. Thus, a proportion of the HGVs travelling from north Germany to Switzerland or southern Alsace bypasses the A5 on the Alsace-Baden-Württemberg border and uses the untolled, French A35 instead. From the annexation of Alsace by France in the 17th century and the language policy of the French Revolution up to 1870, knowledge of French in Alsace increased considerably. Most major car journeys are made on the A35 autoroute, which links Saint-Louis on the Swiss border to Lauterbourg on the German border. In a world of agriculture, Alsace has always been a rich region which explains why it has suffered so many invasions and annexations in its history. Additionally, Alsace is known for its fruit juices and mineral waters. Niveau de chômage par tranche d'âge, classement de l'Alsace. After the end of the Thirty Years War, southern Alsace was annexed by France in 1648, with most of the remainder captured later in the century. From the end of the Roman Empire (5th century) to the French annexation (17th century), Alsace was politically part of the German world. In prehistoric times, Alsace was inhabited by nomadic hunters. There were some volunteers for the Waffen SS.,[21] although they were outnumbered by conscripts of the 1926-1927 classes. His efforts were countered by the Roman Catholic Habsburgs who tried to eradicate heresy in Upper Alsace. In the perversion of their French life they have no exact idea of what concerns Germany. With the purpose of "Francizing" the region, the Rot-un-Wiss has not been recognized by Paris. In contrast to the rest of France the Jews in Alsace had not been expelled during the Middle Ages. Résultats au bac, séries proposées et nombre d'élèves des lycées publics du secteur de l'Alsace. Estimates of the French Works Commissioner however, raised some doubts over the interest of such a project, since it would pick up only about 10% of the traffic of the A35 at Strasbourg. They are mostly found on roofs of houses, churches and other public buildings in Alsace. It has regularly increased over time, except in wartime, by both natural growth and migration. During most of the part of its history, a great part of Alsace was flooded by the Rhine every year. The following is a selection of people born in Alsace who have been particularly influential and/or successful in their respective field. The Franco-Prussian War, which started in July 1870, saw France defeated in May 1871 by the Kingdom of Prussia and other German states. Tous les apparthotels de l'Alsace et ceux à proximité immédiate avec leurs coordonnées. At about this time, the surrounding areas experienced recurring fragmentation and reincorporations among a number of feudal secular and ecclesiastical lordships, a common process in the Holy Roman Empire. It is a rift or graben, from the Oligocene epoch, associated with its horsts: the Vosges and the Black Forest. These cause a major buildup of traffic and are the main sources of pollution in the towns, notably in Strasbourg where the motorway traffic of the A35 was 170,000 per day in 2002. The presence of hominids can be traced back 600,000 years ago. Many Alsatians also began to sail to the United States, settling in many areas from 1820 to 1850. Coordinates: 48°30′N 7°30′E / 48.500°N 7.500°E / 48.500; 7.500. However, local antisemitism also increased and Napoleon turned hostile in 1806, imposing a one-year moratorium on all debts owed to Jews. Its network is articulated around the city of Strasbourg. To discourage this, the region's authorities gave financial grants to the inhabitants to paint the rendering in various colours, in order to return to the original style and many inhabitants accepted (more for financial reasons than by firm belief). Since the 17th century, the region has passed between German and French control numerous times, resulting in a cultural blend. Like all regional languages in France, however, the transmission of Alsatian is on the decline. In 1307, the town of Belfort was first chartered by the Counts of Montbéliard. The German region Hesse uses a flag similar to the Rot-un-Wiss. France continued to maintain its customs border along the Vosges mountains where it had been, leaving Alsace more economically oriented to neighbouring German-speaking lands. It is one of the most developed rail networks in France, financially sustained partly by the French railroad SNCF, and partly by the région Alsace. Alsace : Tourisme à voir à faire à visiter. In recent times, villagers started to paint the rendering white in accordance with Beaux-Arts movements. Partagez vos avis sur les lycées publics en Alsace. La population de Colmar était de 65 118 habitants en 1999, 63 498 habitants en 1990, 62 483 habitants en 1982, 64 771 habitants en 1975 et 59 506 habitants en 1968. When they were later permitted to return (in some cases not until 1799), it was often to find that their lands and homes had been confiscated. This had grave effects on trade and the economy of the region since former overland trade routes were switched to newly opened Mediterranean and Atlantic seaports. It was not until 9 June 1982, with the Circulaire sur la langue et la culture régionales en Alsace (Memorandum on regional language and culture in Alsace) issued by the Vice-Chancellor of the Académie Pierre Deyon, that the teaching of German in primary schools in Alsace really began to be given more official status. La région Alsace compte 1 845 687 habitants, la majorité de la population à entre 40 et 54 ans (402 749 habitants), vient ensuite la tranche d'âge entre 25 et 39 ans avec 362 964 habitants. Alsatian is now taught in French high schools. It is a region in the east of France with a population of approximately 1.9 million people. The idea was that such men would be more tractable and less likely to alienate the fief from the crown out of their own greed.