Continents Countries. Latvia has ratified the international Washington, Bern, and Ramsare conventions. [citation needed] In Latvia, the Swedish period is generally remembered as positive; serfdom was eased, a network of schools was established for the peasantry, and the power of the regional barons was diminished. However, universal citizenship for all permanent residents was not adopted. In formal divisions, Riga region, which includes the capital and parts of other regions that have a strong relationship with the capital, is also often included in regional divisions; e.g., there are five planning regions of Latvia (Latvian: plānošanas reģioni), which were created in 2009 to promote balanced development of all regions. ; Fortrolighedspolitik; Om Wiktionary; Forbehold; Mobilvisning [15] They lost their final match with 3–0 against Netherlands,[16] and were eliminated, finishing fourth, with one point from their draw and two losses.[17]. Summers are usually warm and sunny, with cool evenings and nights. [47] Half the residents of Riga were killed by plague in 1710–1711. Eager to join Western economic institutions like the World Trade Organization, OECD, and the European Union, Latvia signed a Europe Agreement with the EU in 1995—with a 4-year transition period. The 19th century and beginning of the 20th century is often regarded by Latvians as a classical era of Latvian culture. [208], During July 2014, Riga hosted the 8th World Choir Games as it played host to over 27,000 choristers representing over 450 choirs and over 70 countries. Latvia participates in several NATO Centres of Excellence: Civil-Military Co-operation in the Netherlands, Cooperative Cyber Defence in Estonia and Energy Security in Lithuania. បានពី "https://km.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Lettonie&oldid=90047" In 2010 Latvia launched a Residence by Investment program (Golden Visa) in order to attract foreign investors and make local economy benefit from it. [192], The country's Orthodox Christians belong to the Latvian Orthodox Church, a semi-autonomous body within the Russian Orthodox Church. [196] By 2020 the government aims to spend 1.5% of GDP on research and development, with half of the investments coming from the private sector. [citation needed], In the 12th century in the territory of Latvia, there were lands with their rulers: Vanema, Ventava, Bandava, Piemare, Duvzare, Upmale, Sēlija, Koknese, Jersika, Tālava and Adzele. Latvia won the first leg 1–0, through top goalscorer, Māris Verpakovskis. From 1 January 2007, Latvia switched to a professional fully contract-based army. [citation needed], In the 19th century, Latvian nationalist movements emerged. Apart from road and railway connections, Ventspils is also linked to oil extraction fields and transportation routes of Russian Federation via system of two pipelines from Polotsk, Belarus. See also. The total fertility rate (TFR) in 2018 was estimated at 1.61 children born/woman, which is lower than the replacement rate of 2.1. French Translation for Lettonie - dict.cc English-French Dictionary English Translation of “la Lettonie” | The official Collins French-English Dictionary online. Major rivers include the Daugava River, Lielupe, Gauja, Venta, and Salaca, the largest spawning ground for salmon in the eastern Baltic states. Great Walks, Historical Walks and Guided Walks around Letton and Herefordshire [40], After the Livonian War (1558–1583), Livonia (Northern Latvia & Southern Estonia) fell under Polish and Lithuanian rule. Real GDP growth of 5.5 percent in 2011 was underpinned by export growth and a recovery in domestic demand. Champions League Matches; Cyber World Cup; Cyberleague Pro Series Rpl; Electroni Lettonie, a Restaurant with Rooms, 35 Kelston Road, Bath BA1 3QH (01225 446676), has four rooms. [100] In 2016 Latvia used 6.4 global hectares of biocapacity per person - their ecological footprint of consumption. [78], However, the central power in Moscow continued to regard Latvia as a Soviet republic in 1990 and 1991. The Soviets dealt harshly with their opponents – prior to Operation Barbarossa, in less than a year, at least 34,250 Latvians were deported or killed. Countries: Latvia; Graeme Villeret. [188], Beginning in 2019, instruction in Russian language will be gradually discontinued in private colleges and universities in Latvia, as well as general instruction in Latvian public high schools,[189][190] except for subjects related to culture and history of the Russian minority, such as Russian language and literature classes.[191]. The festival is the biggest of its kind in the world and is held every two years in a different host city. [citation needed] There also developed a growing urban proletariat and an increasingly influential Latvian bourgeoisie. At this time, songs often made fun of the characteristics of Soviet life and were concerned about preserving Latvian identity. Other popular sports include football, floorball, tennis, volleyball, cycling, bobsleigh and skeleton. The major goals of Latvia in the 1990s, to join NATO and the European Union, were achieved in 2004. [citation needed], During these two centuries Latvia experienced economic and construction boom – ports were expanded (Riga became the largest port in the Russian Empire), railways built; new factories, banks, and a University were established; many residential, public (theatres and museums), and school buildings were erected; new parks formed; and so on. [87][88][89], Coastal regions, especially the western coast of the Courland Peninsula, possess a more maritime climate with cooler summers and milder winters, while eastern parts exhibit a more continental climate with warmer summers and harsher winters. [43] Fighting continued sporadically between Sweden and Poland until the Truce of Altmark in 1629. Current NBA players include Kristaps Porziņģis, who plays for the Dallas Mavericks, Dāvis Bertāns, who plays for the Washington Wizards, and Rodions Kurucs, who plays for the Brooklyn Nets. Both nowadays cover a variety of different fields. [4][5], In 1937, the Latvian team participated in the first qualification tournament for the 1938 World Cup. Russian, which was widely spoken during the Soviet period, is still the most widely used minority language by far (in 2011, 34% spoke it at home, including people who were not ethnically Russian). [13] Latvia faced Czech Republic in their opening match on 15 June 2004, with Verpakovskis scoring before half-time. [85] Latvia's Red Book (Endangered Species List of Latvia), which was established in 1977, contains 112 plant species and 119 animal species. The growth momentum has continued into 2012 and 2013 despite deteriorating external conditions, and the economy is expected to expand by 4.1 percent in 2014. [71] An influx of new colonists, including laborers, administrators, military personnel and their dependents from Russia and other Soviet republics started. [164], Latvia's unemployment rate rose sharply in this period from a low of 5.4% in November 2007 to over 22%. [209], Starting in 2019 Latvia hosts the inaugural Riga Jurmala Music Festival, a new festival in which world-famous orchestras and conductors perform across four weekends during the summer. In 1897, 61.2% of the rural population had been landless; by 1936, that percentage had been reduced to 18%. [20], The following players have been called up for the friendly game against San Marino on 11 November 2020 and 2020–21 UEFA Nations League matches against Faroe Islands on 14 November 2020 and Andorra on 17 November 2020.All caps and goals as of 13 October 2020 after the match against Malta. [118], Latvia participates in the Northern Dimension and Baltic Sea Region Programme, European Union initiatives to foster cross-border co-operation in the Baltic Sea region and Northern Europe. Latvian non-citizens and the citizenship debates", "Latvia: Investigate Attacks on Gay Activists", "Participation in International operations", "US-led coalition forces operation in OIF (Operation Iraqi Freedom)", "Dombrovskis and US Ambassador Garber visit Riga Airport to inspect cargo plane to Afghanistan", "One year on: ISAF's trans-European supply routes are a success", "NATO opens new communication lines to Afghanistan", "Nordic Military Alliance With Latvia in Afghanistan", "V.Dombrovskis: Latvia sees the opportunity to strengthen NATO's strategic communication capability", "Baltic Defence Ministers announced new defence cooperation initiatives", "Nordic Countries Invite Baltics to Join Defence Co-operation Framework", "Joint Baltic Military Staff to Be Established", "Turpina pieaugt iedzīvotāju atbalsts eiro ieviešanai", "Rimsevics: Failing to bail out Parex banka would result in closing down of four banks in Latvia", "Latvian GDP Shrank 18% in First Quarter, EU's Biggest Fall –", "Agreement between the United States of America and the Republic of Latvia on Trade Relations and Intellectual Property Rights Protection", "Statistical Office of the European Commission (Eurostat), Monthly Bulletin: Table in chapter 09, section 01", "Eurostat – Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table", "UPDATE 2-IMF hails Latvia effort but sees risks ahead", "IMF Executive Board Concludes First Post-Program Monitoring Discussions with the Republic of Latvia, July 16, 2012", "Satiksmes ceļu garums gada beigās (kilometros)", "Reģistrēto automobiļu skaits ceturkšņa beigās", "The Outlook of Latvian Potential Underground Gas Storages and Prospects of Utilization of this Potential for Securing of Reliable Gas Supply to Europe", "TSG11-06. [164] As of 2015, Latvia is estimated to have the lowest male-to-female ratio in the world, at 0.85 males/female. [14] Four days later, Latvia earned a respectable 0–0 draw against Germany to earn their first point in a major tournament. Latvia is the current champion, having won the tournament in 2018. : L'Estonie, la Lettonie et la Lituanie ont ressurgi de l'occupation soviétique. Paddy Burt paid £95 for a double with shower; £14.50 for … [85], Most of Latvia's territory is less than 100 m (330 ft) above sea level. [86][93], Latvia has the 5th highest proportion of land covered by forests in the European Union, after Sweden, Finland, Estonia and Slovenia. Latvia, alongside their Baltic rivals, Lithuania and Estonia, have also participated in the local sub-regional Baltic Cup tournament, which takes place every two years. Representing 10.2% of Latvia's total foreign direct investment, American companies invested $127 million in 1999. [104], Several nature reserves protect unspoiled landscapes with a variety of large animals. [30], The name Latvija is derived from the name of the ancient Latgalians, one of four Indo-European Baltic tribes (along with Couronians, Selonians and Semigallians), which formed the ethnic core of modern Latvians together with the Finnic Livonians. [122] Latvia held the Presidency of the Council of the European Union in the first half of 2015. Latvia were placed in Group 8, alongside Austria and Lithuania. The country has a temperate seasonal climate. [citation needed] To maintain and expand industrial production, skilled workers were migrating from all over the Soviet Union, decreasing the proportion of ethnic Latvians in the republic. Under this division Riga region includes large parts of what traditionally is considered Vidzeme, Courland, and Zemgale. In late 2018 the National Archives of Latvia released a full alphabetical index of some 10,000 people recruited as agents or informants by the Soviet KGB. On 4 May 1990, the Supreme Council adopted the Declaration on the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia, and the Latvian SSR was renamed Republic of Latvia. The secretariat of the Northern Dimension Partnership on Culture (NDPC) will be located in Riga. Latvia has hundreds of kilometres of undeveloped seashore—lined by pine forests, dunes, and continuous white sand beaches. The war of independence that followed was part of a general chaotic period of civil and new border wars in Eastern Europe. [20] Māris Verpakovskis is the nation's top goalscorer with 29 goals. Latvia and the United States have signed treaties on investment, trade, and intellectual property protection and avoidance of double taxation.[162][163]. In 2012, 45.0% of births were to unmarried women. Novelist. The private sector accounted for nearly 68% of the country's GDP in 2000. The General representative of Germany August Winnig formally handed over political power to the Latvian Provisional Government on 26 November. [37] Riga became an important point of east–west trading[37] and formed close cultural links with Western Europe. [19] Its capital and largest city is Riga; other notable major cities in Latvia are Daugavpils, Liepāja, Jelgava and Jūrmala. The national tournament is the Latvian Hockey Higher League, held since 1931. In 2015 Latvia held the presidency of Council of the European Union. [citation needed] On 15 May 1934, Ulmanis staged a bloodless coup, establishing a nationalist dictatorship that lasted until 1940. This led to the development of the Amber Road. In 2017, Latvian tennis player Jeļena Ostapenko won the 2017 French Open Women's singles title being the first unseeded player to do so in the open era. Ice hockey is usually considered the most popular sport in Latvia. [citation needed][107]. [120] The Enhanced Partnership in Northern Europe or e-Pine is the U.S. Department of State diplomatic framework for co-operation with the Nordic-Baltic countries. : Good enough to play in Latvia for a while. It has survived in German Baltic families to this day, in spite of their dispersal to Germany, the United States, Canada and other countries in the early 20th century. There are four historical and cultural regions in Latvia – Courland, Latgale, Vidzeme, Zemgale, which are recognised in Constitution of Latvia. It has been held since 1873, normally every five years. [21] It ended with the Declaration on the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia on 4 May 1990 and restoring de facto independence on 21 August 1991. 28 mars 2017 - Découvrez le tableau "National Football Team Logo" de Sport Renaissance sur Pinterest. Recent Posts. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Videos tagged “lettonie” Sort: Date Alphabetical Plays Likes Comments Duration. Latvia has a long basketball tradition, as the Latvian national basketball team won the first ever EuroBasket in 1935 and silver medals in 1939, after losing the final to Lithuania by one point. [186] A History of Rome, M Cary and HH Scullard, p455-457, Macmillan Press. However, as a consequence of centuries of Russian rule (1710–1918) and later Soviet occupation, 26.9% of the population of Latvia are ethnic Russians,[24] some of whom (10.7% of Latvian residents[25]) have not gained citizenship, leaving them with no citizenship at all. [96], Latvia has a long tradition of conservation. Translated from French into German by . Latvia has a long tradition of conservation. [33] The Balts established trade routes to Rome and Byzantium, trading local amber for precious metals. [93], Phytogeographically, Latvia is shared between the Central European and Northern European provinces of the Circumboreal Region within the Boreal Kingdom. The first laws and regulations were promulgated in the 16th and 17th centuries. 10 months ago. Latvia had its own film industry and musical records factory (LPs). 'The publication, which followed two decades of public debate and the passage of a special law, revealed the names, code names, birthplaces and other data on active and former KGB agents as of 1991, the year Latvia regained its independence from the Soviet Union. [160][161], The economic crisis of 2009 proved earlier assumptions that the fast-growing economy was heading for implosion of the economic bubble, because it was driven mainly by growth of domestic consumption, financed by a serious increase of private debt, as well as a negative foreign trade balance. Latgalia, the easternmost region of Latvia, became a part of the Inflanty Voivodeship of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. [citation needed] Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants[18] and a territory of 64,589 km2 (24,938 sq mi). Lettonie. Its largest lake, Lubāns, has an area of 80.7 km2 (31.2 sq mi), its deepest lake, Drīdzis, is 65.1 m (214 ft) deep. [139], Since March 2004, when the Baltic states joined NATO, fighter jets of NATO members have been deployed on a rotational basis for the Baltic Air Policing mission at Šiauliai Airport in Lithuania to guard the Baltic airspace. Latvia has established diplomatic relations with 158 countries. Pluriel les Lettonies. [165] In April 2010 Latvia had the highest unemployment rate in the EU, at 22.5%, ahead of Spain, which had 19.7%.[166]. Latvia has had many European basketball stars like Jānis Krūmiņš, Maigonis Valdmanis, Valdis Muižnieks, Valdis Valters, Igors Miglinieks, as well as the first Latvian NBA player Gundars Vētra. [20] The Baltic Sea moderates the climate, although the country has four distinct seasons and snowy winters. [183], The share of ethnic Latvians had fallen from 77% (1,467,035) in 1935 to 52% (1,387,757) in 1989. The Latvian SSR, along with the other Baltic Republics was allowed greater autonomy, and in 1988, the old pre-war Flag of Latvia flew again, replacing the Soviet Latvian flag as the official flag in 1990. Latvia; Related Articles. ecb.europa.eu. UEFA European Championship qualification record, Latvia national football team results (2020–present), Progression of Latvia association football caps record, Progression of Latvia association football goalscoring record, "1938 FIFA World Cup France ™ Preliminaries", "Vitalijs Astafjevs – Century of International Appearances", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Latvia_national_football_team&oldid=992667771, European national association football teams, Pages using infobox national football team with unknown parameters, Articles containing Latvian-language text, Articles with Latvian-language sources (lv), Pages using national squad without sport or team link, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 6 December 2020, at 13:50. [14] However, the Czechs would later come back to win the game 2–1. Latvia is historically predominantly Lutheran Protestant, except for the Latgale region in the southeast, which has historically been predominantly Roman Catholic. [212] Rupjmaize is a dark bread made from rye, considered the national staple.[213][214]. [citation needed], Foreign investment in Latvia is still modest compared with the levels in north-central Europe. Winter starts in mid-December and lasts until mid-March. [citation needed], Species that are endangered in other European countries but common in Latvia include: black stork (Ciconia nigra), corncrake (Crex crex), lesser spotted eagle (Aquila pomarina), white-backed woodpecker (Picoides leucotos), Eurasian crane (Grus grus), Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber), Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra), European wolf (Canis lupus) and European lynx (Felis lynx). Lutheranism was more prominent before the Soviet occupation, when it was a majority religion of ~60% due to strong historical links with the Nordic countries and to the influence of the Hansa in particular and Germany in general. Latvia's railway network is currently incompatible with European standard gauge lines.