In 1582 the Trabzon - Batum state, whose capital was Trabzon, was established. The empire of Trebizond, however, continued a separate existence until 1461; its small silver pieces, called “Comnenian white money,” were prized for their purity and enjoyed a wide currency. we use cookies to improve your experience on our website. It is not necessary to visit the site/sight if you have got few days only for the exploration of Trabzon. The Hagia Sophia church was turned into a mosque. Both in Pontic Greek and Modern Greek, it is called Τραπεζούντα (Trapezounta). The large variety of crops grown include tobacco, fruits, and hazelnuts. The Trapezuntine rulers became skilful at balancing their alliances with the Seljuks, the Mongols, the Genoese and others. Trapezus, one of the most easterly of ancient Greek settlements, was probably founded in 756 bce by colonists from Sinope (modern Sinop ). Once an important stop on the Silk Road, it remains the Black Sea's busiest port. At its southern end stands a ruined citadel. Trabzon Museum: Trabzon history - See 108 traveler reviews, 238 candid photos, and great deals for Trabzon, Turkey, at Tripadvisor. The city was founded in the 7th century B.C. In the 13th century, Trabzon and the surrounding areas started to fall under control of a new formation called the Komnenos Dynasty, which developed as a separate state of the Byzantium Empire. The city’s later revitalization has largely resulted from improvement in its port facilities and communications. About Trabzon; Accommodation Facilities; Getting Here and Around; Traditional Life and Handicraſts; Nature and Climate; The History of Trabzon; Trabzon’s Cuisine; FAQ; DESTINATIONS + SEASONS. Hi there, Among the churches the best preserved and most remarkable is the church Aya Sofya (Hagia Sophia), now used as a museum, which overlooks the sea just west of the city centre. For centuries it was on one of the leading trade routes between Europe and Central Asia, and it prospered particularly after the 13th century, when it served as the chief port for Tabriz and western Iran. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Trabzon-Turkey. Omer Pasha, the governor of Trabzon then, organized a fleet and stopped these attacks. Trabzon has dozens of churches and mosques dating from the Byzantine period, the Empire of Trebizond and the Ottoman Empire. The end of the dynasty came when its territories were annexed to the Ottoman Empire in 1461. History. history of trabzon . It was later restored in the 6th century by General Belisarius at the request of the Emperor Justinian. History Of Trabzon. It is known that the architect was of Italian origin and many materials … Somewhat louche, it's the most sophisticated city in the region, too caught up in its own whirl of activity to worry about what's … Trabzon … I can unsubscribe any time using the unsubscribe link at the end of all emails. Omer Pasha, the governor of Trabzon then, organized a … Prospering through trade with eastern Anatolia and Persia, the empire reached the height of its wealth and culture during the reign of Alexius II (1297–1330), after which it fell to pieces in factional disputes. Trapezus, one of the most easterly of ancient Greek settlements, was probably founded in 756 bce by colonists from Sinope (modern Sinop). The closest record of the population of Trabzon prior to the Ottoman conquest of Trabzon was by Pero Tafur who visited Trabzon in 1437–38. In the period from 1924 to 1935, the winners of the Trabzon League qualified for the former Turkish Football Championship.In the following period from 1940 to 1951, the Trabzon … Like many other Black Sea sites, it is associated in legend with the Amazon women warriors. Introduction. Trabzon’s recorded history begins around 746 BC, when Miletus colonists came from Sinop and founded a settlement, Trapezus, with an acropolis on the trápeza (table) of land above the harbour. 13. The capital city Trabzon was founded, as Trapezus, by Greek colonists from Sinope, modern Sinop, Turkey.Starting from the 9th century BC, the city had also been mentioned by historians such as Homeros, Herodotus, Hesiodos. Trabzon was the ancient capital of the Greek speaking Komnenos Byzantine Kingdom (1204–1461) within the Pontos—the northeast portion of Anatolia adjacent the Black Sea… Founded by Greek traders from Miletus in the 8th century BC, Trabzon has been handballed down the years between Cimmerians, Medes, Hellenes, Byzantines and a succession of other peoples. Trabzon is a coastal city so the cuisine is mainly based on fish dishes. The heart of the city is on a triangle of tableland between two deep ravines, with remains of an ancient Roman-built harbour at its base. In August 1461, the Emperor of Trebizond, David Komnenos, surrendered Trabzon … Hagia Sophia of Trabzon is considered one of the best-preserved buildings created in the Late-Byzantine style of architecture, and it also embodies the same tense history of religious conversion as its … © The Citadel was held by the Ottoman Pasha and a Janissary garrison. Today the city is named Trabzon as is the province it is located in. Media in category "History of Trabzon" The following 69 files are in this category, out of 69 total. It was in the 13th century that the monastery took its present-day form when it received monetary richness from the likes of Alexios III (1349-1390) of the Komnenian Empire of Trabzon (or Trebizond), an empire established in 1204. All rights reserved. That is sad because the castle represented the city‘s history and past. Updates? Trabzon is said to be the site on which the army called the Ten Thousand by the writer Xenophon, who was one of its members, reached the sea after its long march that followed defeat in 401 bce. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. (τράπεζα meant "table" in Ancient Greek; note the table on the coin in the figure.) When the Ottoman Empire was defeated after WWI, Trabzon’s many Greek residents sought to establish a Republic of Trebizond echoing the old Comneni Empire, but the Turks were ultimately victorious, and Atatürk himself declared Trabzon ‘one of the richest, strongest and most sensitive sources of trust for the Turkish Republic’. By 1936, this reduced … Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? Castle Of Trabzon. The imperial family of the Comneni established an empire along the Black Sea coast in 1204, with Alexius Comnenus I reigning as the emperor of Trebizond. borsa kuruculari. The Hayasa, who had been in conflict with the Central-Anatolian Hittites in the 14th century BCE, are believed to have lived in the area south of Trabzon. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Trabzon is a town with over 300,000 people in northeast Turkey on the Black Sea coast (Figure 1). gallery; history of trabzon; social life; strategic location; touristic attractions; hazelnut cultivars; photo gallery. Area province, 1,907 square miles (4,938 square km). It is historically known in English as Trebizond. Tags: Castle, Historical Site, Fort. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Aya Sofya (Hagia Sophia), Trabzon, Turkey. Trabzon Kalesi: Great history from the past - See 37 traveler reviews, 19 candid photos, and great deals for Trabzon, Turkey, at Tripadvisor. In the 9th century the city was made the capital of a new military province of Chaldia. Trabzon itself was divided into three timariot holdings: the eastern suburbs and western suburbs and the lower walled city. It was settled by Greeks by the 7th century BC in an area occupied by indigenous people (Tsetskhladze 1994). Pop. update your settings The Turkish name of the city is Trabzon. Small deposits of copper, lead, and iron are worked. city, 243,735; province, 757,898. Castle of Trabzon is one of the impressive and memorable places of this city, despite of that there are only ruins preserved from the past. History. It had turned back many invading armies through the years, except for the Goths, who captured and burned the city in the 3rd century A.D. Trabzon remained independent and free during the … This castle is situated in the Northwest of Turkey and dates back to the Byzantine Era when it was built with stone. The word “Trapeza” synonymous with “table” was then converted to Trabzon … After the Russian capture of Trabzon, some … Some western geographers used thi… It is linked by air with Ankara and by steamer service with Istanbul. In 1915, during the Armenian Genocide, they were massacred and deported. The Walls of Trabzon (or the "Walls of Trebizond") are a series of defensive walls surrounding the old town of the city of Trabzon, northeastern Turkey.The fortifications are sometimes called the Trabzon Castle (Turkish: Trabzon … | Founded by Greek traders from Miletus in the 8th century BC, Trabzon has been handballed down the years between Cimmerians, … During antiquity it was known as Trapezus. Due to the castle built by former inhabitants which resembled a table and the stones shaped like a table found by miners for the purpose of establishing colonies there. Trapezunda rose to be an important city in terms of trade during the time of the Roman Empire; its position allowing it to … Its prosperity lay partly in export of its own products—silver, iron, alum, cloth, and black wine—and partly from taxes on transit trade to western Iran. After Mehmed II … by colonists from neighboring Sinop. One of the most significant civilizations traced through the written sources is the Byzantine Greek Empire of Trebizund, which … The oldest graffiti carved in the apses of the church contain the dates 1291 and 1293. Trabzon was settled by Greeks probably by the 7 th century BC (Tsetskhladze 1994 see Note 1), but there were indigenous people already living in the area. Remarkably attractive throughout its history, Trabzon was the subject of hundreds of travel books by western travellers, some of whom had named it "city of tale in the East." Thereafter, Trabzon remained under Turkish rule except for a brief Russian occupation (1916–18) during World War I. Its significance declined, however, with the construction of the Ankara-Erzurum railway about 1900 and the development of the southern Iranian port of Khorramshahr. 1. Trabzon become o Greek colony of some note during the … Trabzon became their capital and the princes titled themselves as … In 1930, Trabzon’s share of the Persian transit trade had fallen to less than 4% compared to 53% before World War I (Aydemir and Aydemir 2007). Trabzon in more recent times. The capital city Trabzon was … The commercial quarter is centred around a bazaar and park in the eastern part of the city near the old Genoese castle of Leontocastron; east of this lies the harbour. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Introduction. The Trabzon Football League (Turkish: Trabzon Futbol Ligi) was founded as a regional football league for Trabzon based clubs in 1922. Trabzon is a town with over 230,000 people (2009 census – it is currently believed to be over 300,000) on the northeast Turkish Black Sea coast at latitude 41°00′ north and longitude 39°45′ east (Figure 1). Lonely Planet. 2018 No part of this site may be reproduced without our written permission. 2) The Russian Navy dominated the Black Sea and literally "blockaded" the Turkish ports … during most of the deportations. 1) Trabzon was controlled by the Russians between April 1916 and October 1917, i.e. The church is a domed basilica with superb 13th-century wall paintings that were revealed and cleaned during 1957–63. The 3 parts of this fort are Upper … Trabzon province is well forested and densely populated. Its founders are not known; however, it is said that they were the Turkish Tribes came from Middle Asia over Caucasus. Historically known as Trapezus, Trebizond and Trapezunda by Greeks, the city of Trabzon in north-eastern Turkey boasts a rich Hellenic past. Trabzonspor is one of the "4 big clubs"in Turkish football. I want emails from Lonely Planet with travel and product information, promotions, advertisements, third-party offers, and surveys. by clicking the Privacy policy link at the bottom of the page. Omissions? Although subject to brief periods of domination by the neighbouring Seljuq Turks, Mongols, and Byzantines, the empire based at Trapezus was largely bypassed by both the Seljuqs and the Mongols because of its relative isolation, difficulties of access, and conflict among its enemies. Xenophon, who reached Trabzon in February, 400 B.C, states that Trabzon (Trapezus) was by the Black Sea (Pontus Eukseinos) and was a colony of Sinop set up in the land of the Kolkhs by the Hellenes. One of the dominant Caucasian groups to the east were the Laz, who were p… The city prospered under Roman rule until it was sacked by the Goths after their victory over the emperor Valerian’s forces about 257 ce. Historical monuments include most of the city walls, a part of the palace of the Grand Comneni, and several Byzantine churches preserved as mosques.