2. L'Empire ottoman a existé de 1299 à 1922. The debts of the Ottomans led to a state of bankruptcy, and European countries began providing loans and controlling the finances of the empire. He also subjugated Albania and expanded tolerance for the Orthodox Church. Ottoman definition: of or relating to the Ottomans or the Ottoman Empire | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples Enrich your vocabulary with the French Definition dictionary However, the women in his harem often sought greater status and influence, and the Sultan's mother might become a powerful political force in the Empire. Jump to navigation Jump to search. The empire was named after its founder, Osman I. Osman was born in 1258 in Anatolia, or Asia Minor (modern Turkey). A Turk, especially a member of the family or tribe of Osman I. The Ottoman sultans began to lose their grip on the empire’s remaining lands. Early Ottoman conduct in the war was actually not completely objectionable. The Ottomans surrendered in 1918. Mehmed the Conqueror conquered Constantinople on May 29, 1453. The ensuing Balkan Wars saw the Ottomans lose all of its European territories but Eastern Thrace to a combined force of Serbia, Montenegro, Greece, and Bulgaria. The empire then grew to include many areas in what is now present-day Europe. Accessible across all of today's devices: phones, tablets, and desktops. The Ottoman Empire was an imperial state that was founded in 1299 after growing out of the breakdown of several Turkish tribes. Britain and France went to war with the Ottomans, and World War I had come to Turkey. In 1453 the Ottomans captured Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire. In the 1878 Congress of Berlin, Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro gained complete independence. However, Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa Pasha carelessly opened up the empire to attack when he attacked Vienna. The same safe and trusted content for explorers of all ages. ottoman definition in French dictionary, ottoman meaning, synonyms, see also 'ottomane',ottomane',ottomanisme',otomang'. During the 1400s and 1500s the Ottoman Empire was one of the world’s great powers. This battle led to a century of wars with European leaders. The Turkish War of Independence was fought against the Sultan, Greece, Armenia, France, Britain, and Italy. Mehmed Çelebi won and became Mehmed I. The Roman Empire in AD 116. Osman rule… The Ottoman Empire was founded by Osman I in 1299AD. Early Writings. The empire was defeated in World War I and broke apart. In 1912, the Ottomans lost Libya to the Italians. It was centered in Turkey and controlled the eastern and southern lands around the Mediterranean Sea. Transylvania, Wallachia, and Moldavia became tributary to the Ottoman Empire soon afterwards. It's not because they enjoy Thanksgiving but because the inhabitants are known as Turks. Of or relating to the Ottoman Empire or its people, language, or culture. In 1683 the Ottomans failed in an attempt to capture the city of Vienna in Austria. Selim I conquered Egypt and the Levant, which were ruled by the Mamluks, in early 1517. The ruler's title was 'Sultan'. Bursa was the first capital of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire has been labeled an Islamic empire, though neither the shari’a (religious law) nor the ulema (religious learned men) were at the helm of the state. We’ve been busy, working hard to bring you new features and an updated design. from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary … In later years, the Ottoman Empire began to weaken. As the Ottoman Empire conquered new territories, it adopted and adapted the existing tax systems already used by the previous governments. 1. The Ottomans fell after the Sinai, Palestine, Iraq, Syria, and eventually Anatolia itself fell. [empire] We hope that the following list of synonyms for the word empire will help you to finish your crossword today. There is a dearth of introductory volumes on the Ottoman Empire, but this book is suitable for both the casual and serious reader. From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, Wikipedia:How to write Simple English pages, The Ottoman Empire: A Chronogical Outline, Forced population transfers in early Ottoman imperial policy, https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ottoman_Empire&oldid=7164301, States and territories disestablished in the 20th century, Pages needing to be simplified from March 2012, Articles lacking sources from August 2009, Pages using infobox country with unknown parameters, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. His son, Orhan, captured the first capital of the Ottoman Empire, Bursa, from the Byzantines. An empire will usually also have many different cultures . Its lands also included Egypt and the coast of North Africa. The Ottomans lost a great deal of territory as a result. Britannica does not review the converted text. In 1517 the Ottomans took control of Mecca and Medina, the holiest cities of Islam. The stagnation and reform of the Ottoman Empire (1683–1827) ended with the dismemberment of Ottoman Classical Army. The Ottoman Empire reached the peak of its power between the 1480s and the 1560s. The Ottoman Empire began in what is now Turkey in about 1300. This defeat caused the empire to fall apart completely. In the east, the Ottomans captured Baghdad from the Safavids and partitioned the Caucasus with them. Russia and Sweden went to war, and the Ottomans got involved. The empire was a collection of conquered countries. Murad IV recaptured Iraq and the Caucasus from Persia. Pertaining to that branch of the Turks to which belong the founders and ruling class of the Turkish or Ottoman empire. Greece won their independence after a long war of independence from 1821 to 1829. The Ottoman Empire began to lose power in the last decades of the 1500s. In the early years of the empire, shahzadahs, the sons of the Sultan, were sent to different parts of the empire (Sanjaks) to get experience of governing. Synonyms, crossword answers and other related words for OTTOMAN, E.G. The Ottoman Empire ( /ˈɒtəmən/ ; Devlet-i ʿAlīye-i ʿOsmānīye ), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of southeastern Europe, western Asia and northern Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries. By continuing to use this site, you consent to the terms of our cookie policy, which can be found in our. Edirne in Thrace became the capital city of the Ottoman Empire in 1365, until Istanbul was conquered by the Turks and became the empire's final capital. Centré sur la Turquie actuelle, il a successivement compris les Balkans, la péninsule arabique, l'Afrique du Nord et une partie de l'Europe centrale. Eventually, it grew to cover much of the Middle East, southeastern Europe, and North Africa. Known as the Ottoman Empire, this kingdom expanded from a very small part of Turkey and eventually become one of the great empires of history. They renamed the city Istanbul and made it their own capital. Improved homework resources designed to support a variety of curriculum subjects and standards. mans A Turk, especially a member of the family or tribe of Osman I. adj. In 1914, utterly disorganized, the Ottomans declared war on Russia. Osman led a group of Turks against the Byzantines, who were Christians. The Sultan sent governors to rule these countries or provinces, with titles such as Pasha or Bey. The Ottoman empire was organized into a very complicated social structure because it was a large and was an empire that had many people. Süleyman I, the sultan from 1520 to 1566, expanded the empire further. Ottoman Empire, empire created by Turkish tribes in Anatolia (Asia Minor) that grew to be one of the most powerful states in the world during the 15th and 16th centuries. Russia took over Crimea in 1783 and claimed that Orthodox Christians living in the Ottoman Empire were under Russian protection. Mehmed continued his expansion, along with his son Bayezid II. The price for this autonomy was more money (tax or tribute) paid to the Sultan. At the 1396 Battle of Nicopolis, a large crusade of the Western European powers was defeated. Founded in Western Anatolia by Osman, the Ottoman Turks quickly conquered Constantinople in 1453 and expanded to become one of history's most important and lengthy empires. Choose a language from the menu above to view a computer-translated version of this page. Many places were vassal states to the empire rather than being directly ruled. Venice settled to attack Greece. Murad defeated them at Thessaloniki, and also defeated the Karamanid beylik (principality). The ottoman … Bulgaria remained a vassal of the Ottoman Empire. In 1908, the Ottomans underwent a revolution by the Young Turks. As many as 2.5 million of these peoples died. Austria and Poland attacked the overstretched Turks in Hungary and Transylvania while Russia hammered Crimea. Crete was captured from Venice and southern Ukraine was captured from Poland. This page was last changed on 30 October 2020, at 07:01. The Battle of Gallipoli was won by the Ottomans in part because of the complete incompetence of the British commanders. The issue during the decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire (1828–1908) was to create a military (a security apparatus) … Serbia revolted and gained nominal independence in 1815, but they were still vassals of the Ottoman Empire. The empire was a hereditary monarchy. It eventually became one of the largest, most powerful and longest-lasting empires in the history of the world. Il va revenir à Murad Ier Hüdâvendigâr (« le Souverain ») de le suivre résolument. They retook Azov and then made peace. After these conquests, the Ottoman ruler, or sultan, was seen as the leader of Islam. His people were the Turks, who were Muslims (followers of Islam). The army of the Ottoman Empire included a powerful group of soldiers known as Janissaries. In 1566, Suleiman died, and many historians consider this the beginning of the Ottoman stagnation. Abdul Hamid II abdicated and Mehmed V was instated. He also defeated Hungary, Poland, and Wallachia at Varna in 1444. We've arranged the synonyms in length order so that they are easier to find. The Ottomans suffered many defeats in the next 30 years: the Long War with Austria ended in stalemate and the Safavids invaded the eastern Ottoman provinces. Then, Egypt under Muhammad Ali almost captured Constantinople, but the Russians repulsed them. An empire is a set of lands or regions that are ruled by an emperor. His absence led to a civil war referred to as the Ottoman interregnum. Suleiman the Magnificent, his son, captured Belgrade and most of Hungary after the Battle of Mohács in 1526. À partir du milieu du XVIIe siècle, l'empire recule sous les effets des Autrichiens, des Russes. It is one of the largest empires to rule the borders of the Mediterranean Sea. Later they might be candidates for the Sultanate and Caliphate. Have you ever wondered why there's a country in the Middle East called Turkey? By 1739, the Ottomans had actually retaken the Morea and Serbia. We hope you and your family enjoy the NEW Britannica Kids. In 1915, the Armenian Genocide, one of the worst mass killings in history, began. En secourant l’Empire byzantin contre les Serbes, Orhan Gazi a ouvert le chemin de l'Europe. Napoleon attacked Egypt and was repulsed by the British. Besides provinces, the empire also had tributary states. Sa capitale était Constantinople (mais le nom actuel Istanbul était déjà largement utilisé dans cet empire dès la fin du Moyen-Âge). Selim III continued modernizing the military, but the Janissary corps (the elite troops) revolted. Distant governors did whatever they wanted and made their own laws instead of obeying the Sultan. Usually the emperor will have governors, viceroys or client kings who each rule one land or region. Turkic literature spans approximately 1,300 years. For nearly five hundred years, an empire ruled by the Turks had control of almost all of the Middle East. The Ottoman Tanzimat period brought reform: conscription was introduced, a central bank was formed, homosexuality was decriminalized, law was secularized, and guilds were replaced with factories. Worse yet, the Ottomans began war with Russia over Bulgarian independence. They were soundly defeated. Meanwhile, Suleiman allied Francis I of France over mutual hatred of the Habsburgs. Each mother in the harem would try to make her own son the next Sultan, since they knew he would probably be killed if he was not. A history of both Constantinople (now called Istanbul) and the Ottoman's ruling family, from the Empire's founding until the end, Mansel's text also contains information on the empire as a whole in a catchy, event packed, book. Often, a new Sultan would have his male relatives killed, a simpler solution since it removed competition for the Sultanate and prevented rebel movements. The Ottoman Empire (Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu) was an imperial power that existed from 1299 to 1923 (634 years!!). In the later part of the 19th century, it became known as "the sick man of Europe". The Ottoman Empire, officially the Sublime State of Ottomania (in Ottoman Turkish :دولت عالیه عثمانیه), was a multinational state that lasted from 1299 to 1923. a member of a Turkish dynasty founded by Osman I that ruled the Ottoman Empire; a citizen or … Une partie des peuples dominés par les Ottomans parviennent à devenir indépendants au XIXe siècle : … In the 1900s the remains of the empire became the Republic of Turkey. Rise of the Ottoman Empire. After translating an article, all tools except font up/font down will be disabled. It was centered in Turkey and controlled the eastern and southern lands around the Mediterranean Sea.